Title : The way to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from heavy hydrocarbon from renewable feedstock by : Standalone and coprosessing process
Abstract:
Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is a fuel made from a mixture of fossil fuel blended with renewable feedstocks such as Used Cooking oil, Plant oil, Agricultur and forestry waste). The utilization of used cooking oil waste (UCO) to be used as renewable feedstock as SAF fuel is a challenge for Indonesian catalyst independence. Hydrocarbons contained in UCO contain several impurities including oxygen and olefins, Pertamina has developed many hydrotreating catalysts including hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) where this catalyst is able to remove impurities contained in UCO, these called oxygen and convert olefins into paraffins, but the nature of the fuel from the HDO process has high frezing point and pour point properties, therefore an isomerization process is needed to improve the freezing point and pour point of the resulting product. Pertamina has developed catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation & hydroisomerization conducted pilot plant trials of Coprocessing and standalone. The standalone process is carried out using two reactors where the first reactor is an HDO reaction and then proceed to the second reactor for the isomerization process, for the HDO process carried out under operating conditions WABT 315-340 OC lhsv min. 2 h-1 Pressure 30-45 Bar and H2 / HC 500 while for the Isomerization process is carried out at Wabt 300-330 oC with LHSV min. 2 h-1, pressure 20-40 bar and H2/ HC 285 Nm3/m3, in the Coprosessing process using single reactor with HDO and isomerization reactions simultaneously with operating conditions WABT 325 oC, LHSV 2 h-1, Pressure 30-45 bar and H2 / HC 285 Nm3/m3. SAF Coprocessing is run by kerosine feed blended UCO with variations in uco addition of 1%Vol, 2%Vol, 4% Vol and 5%Vol. The standalone SAF processing can be used to process 100% used vegetable oil with a freezing point that can be controlled at -50 to -65 C according to the working temperature. Apart from that, in this process the lifetime of the catalyst is longer because the water is separated into 3 phase separators, thereby securing the isomerization process, and making it easier to operate. in the co-processing process due to limited residence time, it is only able to process used vegetable oil up to 5% volume to get a freezing point of -50 to -55 oC depending on temperature and working pressure, in addition because the side product formation of water causes faster deactivation of the catalyst even though the procurement investment costs are cheaper.
