Hydrothermal Synthesis

When a chemical is crystallised from a high-temperature aqueous solution at a high vapour pressure, it is said to have undergone hydrothermal synthesis, commonly known as the "hydrothermal process." The word "hydrothermal" has geological roots. Since the beginning of the 20th century, geochemists and mineralogists have researched hydrothermal phase equilibria. The majority of the work to create the groundwork for the containment of reactive media in the temperature and pressure range where the majority of hydrothermal research is done was done by George W. Morey at the Carnegie Institution and subsequently Percy W. Bridgman at Harvard University. A single crystal can be created via a process known as hydrothermal synthesis, which relies on the solubility of minerals under high pressure in hot water.