Molecular Catalysis

When used specifically, the term "molecular catalysis" describes catalysis in which each component of the reaction is dissolved in a single liquid phase. In many industries where precise control over chemical reactivity is essential, molecular catalysis is a major factor. The size, composition, and reactivity of molecular catalysts are highly modifiable. Comparative studies that focus on the effects of particular structural or electronic changes to the catalyst on reactivity are made possible thanks to the ease with which the properties of molecular catalysts can be altered, or their tunability, in comparison to other types of catalysts (such as solid-state catalysts). Numerous molecular catalysts are organometallic, which means they contain ligands—organic molecules that are bonded to a metal and can be changed or chemically altered to speed up reactions—that are often interchangeable.