A hydrogen atom (H) that is covalently attached to a more electronegative "donor" atom or group (Dn) and another electronegative atom containing a lone pair of electrons—the hydrogen bond acceptor—are attracted to one another via an attraction that is mostly electrostatic (Ac). The second-row elements fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen are the most common donor and acceptor atoms (F). The two types of hydrogen bonding are intramolecular and intermolecular, respectively (occurring among parts of the same molecule). The energy of a hydrogen bond can range from 1 to 40 kcal/mol and is influenced by the geometry, environment, and nature of the particular donor and acceptor atoms. This makes them weaker than fully covalent and slightly stronger than a van der Waals interaction.
Stanislaw Dzwigaj
Sorbonne University, France
Dai Yeun Jeong
Asia Climate Change Education Center, Korea, Republic of
Samy Ponnusamy
MilliporeSigma, United States
Gustaaf Schoukens
Ghent University, Belgium
Oluwaseun Akinrinde
University of South Florida, United States
Maria Parfenova
Institute of Physical Materials Science, Russian Federation
Alexander Valyaev
Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
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Stanislaw Dzwigaj, Sorbonne University, France
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Dai Yeun Jeong, Asia Climate Change Education Center, Korea, Republic of
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Sergey Suchkov, N.D. Zelinskii Institute for Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
Title : Nanocomposite materials for structured catalysts of fuels reforming, catalytic layers in membrane reactors for oxygen and hydrogen separation and fuel cell anodes operating in the internal reforming mode
Vladislav Sadykov, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Russian Federation
Title : Green nanobiocatalysts for sustainable ester production: Advancing lipase immobilization and process optimization
Praveen Dahiya, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India