Title : A review on the the effect of paper mill effluent in improving soil nutrient for agricultural productivity
Abstract:
The two most important environmental concerns related to the pulp and paper industries are the high consumption of fresh water and the generation of a huge volume of toxic wastewater. Hence, it is necessary to study the impact of these effluents on soil and crop before they recommended for agricultural purpose. This effluent is rich in dissolved solids as well as varying amounts of suspended organic materials. In addition to these constituents, effluents also contain some trace metals like Hg, Pb, and Cr. Most of the Indian paper and pulp mills discharge their effluents, which contain bleach and black liquor, directly into the receiving water bodies, thus causing serious environmental concerns. The paper mill effluent contains high concentrations of recalcitrant dissolved organic matter and when aquatic systems are overloaded, it can induce a high biochemical oxygen demand. On the other hand, treated paper mill effluent or wastewater is considered a resource that can be applied for productive uses since it contains nutrients that have the potential for use in agriculture and other activities. So we can use this wastewater efficiently for agricultural crops as a source of fertilizer as well as water for irrigation farming.
Keywords: Paper Mill Effluent; Toxic Elements; Treatment; Nutrient Source; Crop Yield
