The global polymer and plastic material production increased substantially in the last decade reaching in 2016 the staggering amount of about 500 million metric tons. China is the largest producers with around 25% of the global production and 20% by NASFTA countries (USA, Canada, [....] » Read More
Recently suggested concept on the dynamic nature of active sites (AS) of the catalysts (Dynamic Model - DM) based on transition metal sulphides bases a hypothesis, that AS formed and functioning under the reaction conditions can oscillate between layers of promoted molybdenum sul [....] » Read More
Chemistry has been the driving force behind progress for centuries - resulting in our lives becoming easier, more comfortable and healthier. These improvements however came at an environmental cost, which is associated with the way we have been using our resources and sourcing ou [....] » Read More
Two of the major challenges for development of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems, especially for automotive applications, are cost and durability of the precious metal group (PGM) based cathode electrocatalysts. We have been addressed these issues by improvin [....] » Read More
During the production of catalysts there are many energy-intensive thermal processing steps, and these can be critical to both the performance of the final product and the economics of the manufacturing process. To design efficient, specialised calcination and drying processes fo [....] » Read More
I ncreasing energy demand, limited resources of fossil fuels and environmental aspects are the main rationales behind the research efforts aiming at wider utilization of biowaste (e.g. sewage sludge) in energy generation systems. Gasification as an alternative to combustion offer [....] » Read More
The steam reforming (SR) of natural gas plays a key role in the production of syngas (CO + H2 ) and hydrogen, widely used to produce chemicals, fuels or energy. However, the depletion of fossil fuels together with the environmental drawbacks associated to their utilization, have [....] » Read More
Hydrogen, a key chemical for manufacturing processes, and a clean source of energy for fuel cells, is mainly produced from fossil gas and oil, a fact which calls for alternative routes. Biomass-derived feedstocks offer a distinct possibility for this technological challenge. Howe [....] » Read More
The oxygen evolution reaction (OER, 2H2 O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e- ) has received considerable attention in recent years as a promising method for utilizing water as a sustainable electron source. By coupling the OER with a reduction half-reaction such as hydrogen evolution (2H+ + 2 [....] » Read More
The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS), which is important for energy and alternative fuels, is a strongly exothermic and temperature sensitive process. Therefore, the use of a catalyst with low thermal conductivity may lead to rapid deactivation. It means that efficient heat [....] » Read More
Transitioning from fossil fuels to sustainable and green energy sources in mobile applications is a difficult challenge and demands sustained and highly multidisciplinary efforts in R&D. Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) offer several advantages over more conventional e [....] » Read More
One of the major global energy challenges is the need for decarbonizing transportation, which will require new sustainable alternatives to replace fossil-based fuels in all transport sectors. While electric vehicles may become the key solution for light-duty transport, there is s [....] » Read More
Some of the most important applications of zeolites are in water treatment (wastewater and drinking water), agriculture, and metal immobilization in soils. Based on cost effectiveness, four main areas where zeolites are finding application as ion-exchangers are: in detergents; in [....] » Read More
DNA crown cells are artificial cells in which the outside of the cells are covered with DNA; this class of cells is selfreplicating. Full application of DNA crown cells will require the development of techniques that are simple and scalable. To date, methods to obtain artificial [....] » Read More
The development of sustainable processes for chemical synthesis, energy and petrochemical technologies is one of the major challenges and noteworthy task for 21sr century. Notably, catalysis is a key technology for achieving more sustainable processes in the chemical, pharmaceuti [....] » Read More
Water splitting provides an appealing pathway for clean and sustainable energy conversion and storage. Therefore, development of a noble metal-free, efficient and robust electrocatalyst oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is still a great challenge. Herein, we introduced to synthesiz [....] » Read More
The results obtained are related to the fertilizer and the environment, and the cultivation of some cultivated species to give better results. The results of the trials on hydroponic pea, bean and tomato crops at the time of germination and growth for electrical conductivity show [....] » Read More
Passivating systems display potential or electric current oscillations in galvanostatic or potentiastic control, respectively. Their occurrence is related to the negative differential resisitivity observed on the potenial vs electric current dependence commonly called polarizatio [....] » Read More
Arylizatin hydrazones in the presence of basic ions (F-, CH3 COO- ) provide the corresponding anions by the NH group hydrogen cleavage located on the hydrazone moiety. The charge delocalization in the anion molecule is reflected in the UV-VIS spectra by the formation of a new, in [....] » Read More
Energy conversion and energy storage are becoming more and more important in today’s society due to the increased demand for stationary and mobile power. In particular, electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices using battery technologies have recently attracted [....] » Read More
Effective catalysts that could assess multiple environmental issues are nowadays needed, in a context of growing societal awareness and newly appeared environmental legislations. Challenges for these catalysts are numerous: Their production has to be as green as possible, fast an [....] » Read More
The aim of the presented investigation is the fabrication of new types, environmentally-safe fire-protective covers on the basis of halogen-free, highly efficient composite fire-extinguishing powders of local mineral raw materials. The technology for production of these materials [....] » Read More
One of the problems that currently occur is the pollution caused by domestic wastewater, as a consequence of the growing world population; this problem affects human health and the environment. For this reason, it is necessary to develop innovative, effective and economic techniq [....] » Read More
In this study a two stage process were established for the synthesis of HMF esters using ionic liquid acid catalyst. Ionic liquid catalyst with different strength of the Bronsted acidity was synthesized in laboratory and characterized using 1 H NMR, FT-IR and 13C NMR spectroscopy [....] » Read More
The Chemistry of compounds containing Transition metals bound to sulfur containing ligands has been actively studied. Interest in these compounds arises from the identification of the biological importance of Iron-sulfur containing proteins as well as the unusual behaviour of sev [....] » Read More
Polymer electrolytes (PE) play an important role in electrochemical devices such as batteries and fuel cells. To achieve optimal performance, the PE must maintain a high ionic conductivity and mechanical stability at both high and low relative humidity. The polymer electrolyte al [....] » Read More
The platinum/carbon black-nickel-reduced graphene oxide (Pt/CB-Ni-rGO) nanocomposites were prepared by reduction method. Graphene oxide (GO) support was synthesized from natural graphite powder using a modified Hummer’s method. Then, nickel ions were reacted with surface fu [....] » Read More
Based on the ligand scaffold of an imidazolyl/benziimidazolyl moiety and an N-CH2 C(=O)NHPh amide substituent, we prepared two novel series of ligand precursors with an ortho hydroxy group incorporated on the N-phenyl ring. We demonstrated that the structural fine tuning of the l [....] » Read More
An enantioselective [4 + 2]-annulation process between cyano-activated oxadienes and allenones is developed. An L-valine-derived phosphine was efficient in catalyzing the reaction, and a wide range of highly functionalized dihydropyrans were prepared in high yields and with excel [....] » Read More
In this research work, carbon nanodots were developed for determination of mercury ions. CDs were performed according to a simple one-step by microwave method. In the synthesis of CDs, citric acid was added in ultrapure water followed by ethylenediamine for produced nitrogen dope [....] » Read More
The catalytic and optical properties of nobel-metal nanoparticles can be tuned by controlling the shape and dimensions. Multicomponent nanomaterials consisting of two or more than two noble metals can enhance these properties not only due to the presence of more than one domain b [....] » Read More
Observed at the beginning of sleep, deep sleep nonREM stages are different in frequency and amplitude of brain waves. This difference is caused by thalamus, which passes to cortex perception states action potentials (a. p.), but generates its own σ a. p. of encoding states [....] » Read More
Currently, the success of the chemical industry is associated with the use of heterogeneous catalysis on carriers. It is also called traditional catalysis. The majority of modern scientific works in the field of catalysis include: • The search for catalytically active sub [....] » Read More
Naringenin is a polyphenolic molecule considered within the subgroup of flavanones that in addition to the important antioxidant activity, several beneficial effects on health have been attributed to this molecule. Flavonoids are natural phenolic compounds that exert several biol [....] » Read More
1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHPs) represent one of the most important class of N-containing heterocyclic compounds, used as L-type calcium channel blockers in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, useful synthetic strategies for 1,4-dihydropyridines have been develop [....] » Read More
Formation of nanoscale particles (NSP) with controlled properties complicated insufficient study of the processes of nucleation and growth of particles of different chemical nature, their structuring at separate stages of formation. Disclosure of the process of formation of a sol [....] » Read More
Experimental evidences and thermodynamics of the self-intercalation of high-density gaseous molecular hydrogen (ρH2 ≈ 0.045 g/cm3 , at 300 K) into surface nanoclusters in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and epitaxial graphene, as well as the self-intercalation of hig [....] » Read More
Since their discovery in 1920 until the mid-1940s, the ferroelectrics constituted a class of materials fragile and difficult to exploit. This has radically changed with the discovery of ferroelectric simple oxides; the synthesis of these new materials, mainly in the form of ceram [....] » Read More
Base catalyzed intramolecular cyclization, discovered by acad. A.T. Babayan, prof. E. O. Chukhajian with coauthors, is a absolutly new direction in organic and fine organic chemistry and includes excellent possibilities for the synthesis of di-, tri- and tetracyclic condensed iso [....] » Read More
Nowadays emission of harmful and dangerous substances which is released from various chemical industries is a major concern. Dichlorophenol (DCP), which is commonly used as herbicide, biocide and wood preservative are extremely dangerous pollutants due to its high toxicity toward [....] » Read More
Nano fluid of lubricating oil for internal combustion engines was prepared by adding TiO2 sol as a source for Nano TiO2 particles. TiO2 sol was prepared via sol-gel route. The Nano sol was found to improve thermal conductivity, heat transfer and other physical properties of lubri [....] » Read More
The article describes the hydrochemical condition of the transboundary rives in Central Asia. Cause of water pollution is increasing human pressure on surface water re-sources from population growth, increased economic activity and increasing intake of users, low level operation [....] » Read More
Industrial pollution is an area of growing concern to legislators and the scientific community alike. In particular, organic pollutants present a real threat to human and wild-life, especially if they enter the food-chain. In the last two decades, there has been increasing intere [....] » Read More
Title : Domino reactions. The green and economical art of chemical synthesis
Lutz F Tietze, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Germany
The efficient synthesis of natural products, drugs, agrochemicals and materials is a very important aspect in academia and industry. To allow an ecologically and economically favourable approach in a green fashion the former stepwise procedures must be replaced by domino reaction [....] » Read More
Title : Chiral catalysts derived from biomass: Design, synthesis and applications in asymmetric catalysis
Giang Vo Thanh, University Paris Saclay, France
The development of new and more efficient catalytic systems is the subject of increasing attention from both academic and industrial research. Moreover, biomass is an endless supply of hydrocarbon materials that can be used as renewable raw materials for the development of new or [....] » Read More
Title : Catalysts and catalytic processes for converting waste to fungible liquid fuels and chemicals
Moti Herskowitz, Ben Gurion University at Negev, Israel
Fungible liquid fuels and chemicals produced from renewable and alternative feedstocks are essential components of the future transportation and commodities outlook. The abundant and low-cost raw materials are carbon dioxide (GHG) as carbon source and water as hydrogen source. Fa [....] » Read More
Title : Green synthesis and the photothermal effect of transparent chlorophyll thin-films
Donglu Shi, University of Cincinnati, United States
In nature, most of the metallic conducting materials are known to be transparent, and photo-activated to create heat, therefore acting as a photon-to-heat converter. The photothermal effect has been extensively studied for gold and other metallic materials and attributed the ener [....] » Read More
Title : Carbon deposits in a single catalyst particle as studied by correlated 3D X-ray microscopy and pore network modeling
Roozbeh Valadian, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Netherlands
Catalyst deactivation is one of the major problems in heterogeneous catalysis. Solid catalysts can be deactivated both reversibly and irreversibly by a reduction of accessibility or by destruction/deactivation of the catalyst’s active sites. An example for (typically) rever [....] » Read More
Title : Techno-economic analysis of coal to liquids based on direct coal liquefaction technology
Ye Huang, Ulster University, United Kingdom
Direct coal liquefaction (DCL) is the conversion of coal in which coal is transformed into liquid hydrocarbon-based fuels through chemical reactions at elevated pressures and temperatures without being gasified to form syngas. The main objective of this paper is to carry out a co [....] » Read More
Title : Cellular automata based simulations for the autocatalytic mechanism in pitting corrosion
Janusz Stafiej, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Poland
A review of my and my collaborators’ work on corroding and passivating systems is presented. We focus on the autocatalytic mechanism in the pitting corrosion that leads to a peculiar scenario of corrosion processes in a corroding cavity initiated by a single punctual damage [....] » Read More
Title : An efficient way of producing fuel hydrocarbon from CO2 and activated water
Tadayuki Imanaka, Ritsumeikan University, Japan
Here we show that petroleum can be formed efficiently at normal temperatures and pressures from carbon dioxide and activated water. The CO2 nano-bubble containing water was treated with photocatalyst in the presence of oxygen under UV irradiation. The activated water was mixed vi [....] » Read More
Title : “Bio-based solvent”: New solvent for the synthesis of heterocycles containing oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen
Joana Filomena Campos, Université d’Orléans, France
The search for alternatives with less environmental impact and the study focused on the selection of solvents used in the chemical laboratories has been increasing in recent years. There are already several articles that have been reporting bio-based solvents as effective alterna [....] » Read More
Title : DOZN™ - A quantitative green chemistry evaluator
Samy Ponnusamy, MilliporeSigma, United States
MilliporeSigma created a unique web-based greener alternative scoring matrix, also known as DOZN™- A Quantitative Green Chemistry Evaluator based on the 12 principles of green chemistry. The 12 principles of green chemistry provide a framework for learning about green chemi [....] » Read More
Title : How the design of nanomaterials allows to control their properties
Sophie Cassaignon, Sorbonne University, France
Emergence of nanotechnology increasingly shows examples of the material potentiality which has, at least one dimension less than 100 nm. The preparation of nano-objects by soft chemistry in aqueous solution with crystal structure, size and morphology perfectly controlled is based [....] » Read More
Title : CO oxidation over Au catalysts supported on CuO/Cu2 O both in O2 - rich and H2 - rich streams: Necessity of copper oxide
Caixia Qi, Yantai University, China
In this work we prepared nanometer copper oxide and cuprous oxide with different morphologies followed by the deposition of Au nanoparticles. The reaction of CO oxidation in both hydrogen-rich and oxygen-rich streams was investigated over as-prepared CuO/Cu2O materials and the co [....] » Read More
Title : Catalytic options for methane valorization catalyst performance evaluation using parallel fixed bed reactor systems and data driven catalyst development
Rudolf Wessels, Avantium Chemicals, Netherlands
The abundance of shale gas has increased the interest in methane valorization via catalytic conversion. Methane can be used as a feedstock to produce valuable chemicals, mostly by first producing syngas via reforming, followed by one or more catalytic conversion steps. Well-known [....] » Read More
Title : A well-defined Fe catalyst system bearing a tetradentate pnnp ligand: Selective synthesis of hydrosiloxanes via dehydronegative coupling of silanols with hydrosilanes
Yumiko Nakajima, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan
Iron complexes with low toxicity and high terrestrial abundance have recently drawn increasing attention as a new class of catalyst precursors in an attempt to develop environmentally benign and sustainable methods for organic synthesis. Intensive studies on Fe complexes have bee [....] » Read More
Title : Role and significance of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ) as a cocatalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production
S V Prabhakar Vattikuti, Yeungnam University, Korea, Republic of
Modern advancement in design of the efficient visible driven photocatalyst for solar-to-hydrogen generation has been expanded much consideration due to fossil fuels crisis, which convert and store solar energy into chemical fuels. In view point of economic and large-scale applica [....] » Read More
Title : Low temperature catalytic oxidations on bimetallic catalysts employing molecular oxygen
Ziyi Zhong, Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology, China
About 30% of the total production in the chemical industry and many emissions control catalytic reactions use catalytic oxidation processes/technologies. In these oxidation reactions, employing molecular oxygen (O2 ) as the oxidant is the most environmentally benign approach, in [....] » Read More
Title : High-Frequency and -Field EPR and Far-Infrared magnetic spectroscopy of transition metal complexes with catalytic properties
Jurek Krzystek, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, United States
High-Frequency and -Field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (HFEPR) and Far-Infrared Magnetic Spectroscopy (FIRMS) are relatively new versions of electron spin resonance, the former being performed in magnetic field domain; the latter – in frequency domain. Both are particula [....] » Read More
Title : Multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with Cu(II) triazole Schiff base complex and its catalytic performance for adsorptive removal of synthetic dyes
Hoda A El Ghamry, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
Hydroxyl functionalized Cu(II) Schiff base named N,N-bis(4 hydroxysalicylidene)-4-H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5- diamine-diaminedicopper (II) has been synthesized. Analysis of the obtained net complex supported the formation the compound in the molar ratio 1:2 [L:M] and it has the structu [....] » Read More
Title : R&D of new catalysts for the water gas shift processes
Angelo Vaccari, Università di Bologna, Italy
H2 is a key raw material in chemical and petrochemical industries, with further increasing interest as promising energy vector. The water gas shift (WGS) reaction is an industrially relevant reaction, which takes place in large scale plants and represents a key upgrading step all [....] » Read More
Title : A green approach for the recovery of proteins from meat industries
Abel E Navarro, Borough of Manhattan Community College, United States
The adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human hemoglobin (Hb) on naturally-occurring adsorbents was studied to evaluate the potential recovery of proteins from meat industry residues. Spent peppermint tea (PM), powdered purple corn cob (PC), natural clay (NC) and chemica [....] » Read More
Title : Catalytic hydrogenation of stearic acid to stearyl alcohol over cobalt silica catalysts
Zeni Rahmawati, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom
Conversion of basic oleo chemicals to fatty alcohols is a very important transformation as fatty alcohols are widely used in fragrances, detergents, emulsifiers, lubricants, health supplements and pharmaceuticals. In addition, fatty alcohol from petrochemicals is facing several c [....] » Read More
Title : The importance of NOx and CO2 on grain and fish production, protection of global warming
Shoichiro ozaki, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research 2-1 Hirosawa, Japan
I n order to study the reason why global warming is happening. Amounts of CO2 emission, CO2 concentration NOx emission, grain production, fish production , population and CO2 fix from 1900 to 2016 were studied. Since the industrial revolution, burning of fossil and production of [....] » Read More
Title : Beneficial effect of glycols on the activity of NiMoP/Al2 O3 hydrotreating catalysts
Evgeniya N Vlasova, Sorbonne Université, France
The sulfided Co(Ni)Mo/Al2 O3 catalysts are widely used in the refineries for hydrotreating process of petroleum distillates. To improve the catalytic activity of the sulfide catalysts in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reaction different approaches are used. Addition of ethylene glyco [....] » Read More
Title : Reactants-induced dynamic responses of the surface of heterogeneous catalysts monitored by microcalorimetry beyond adsorption
Sabine Wrabetz, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck, Germany
For a detailed understanding of complex reaction networks we need thermodynamic data of high accuracy and information about the nature of the catalyst surface during reaction. Therefore, we quantitatively study the adsorption, activation, and reaction phenomena close to the react [....] » Read More
Title : Unraveling the controversy over the catalytic reaction mechanism using a new theoretical methodology: One probe and non-equilibrium green’s function surface
Sang Uck Lee, Hanyang University, Korea, Republic of
We shed light on the longstanding controversial issues on the iodine reduction reaction (IRR) mechanism using a new proposed methodology called “One Probe and Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function Surface (OPNS)”. The OPNS approach completely alleviates the limitatio [....] » Read More
Title : Description of mass transport through an asymmetric, bio-catalytic membrane reactors
Endre Nagy, University of Pannonia, Hungary
The substrate transport accompanied by biochemical reaction has some special transport and operational properties, which can strongly affect the reaction efficiency of a bio-catalytic process. The biocatalyst is mostly immobilized in a porous, relatively thick support layer in an [....] » Read More
Title : Efficient nano-regional photocatalytic heterostructure design via the manipulation of reaction site self-quenching effect
Feng Han, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore
Heterostructural photocatalysts with rationally aligned energy bands have been proved effective in diminishing the recombination of photo-induced excitons, thus leading to enhanced photocatalytic performance. Besides the enhanced photocatalytic performance with these heterostruct [....] » Read More
Title : The most eco-friendly precious metal mining & e-waste processing in the world
Gordon Yu, Taiwan Hsinchu Green Industry Association, Taiwan
E-waste is now the fastest-growing waste stream in the world. It is estimated this waste stream reached 48.5 million tons in 2018. This figure is expected to almost triple if nothing changes. Yet e-waste is worth at least US$62.5 billion annually, which is more than the GDP of mo [....] » Read More
Title : Cux Ce1-xO2 nanoflake type catalysts with improved catalytic activity and good thermal stability for diesel soot combustion
Yunquan Liu, Xiamen University, China
In the present study, nanoflakes (NF) of CeO2 -NF and Cux Ce1-xO2 -NF (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) were prepared with the polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)-assisted co-precipitation method. The prepared samples were first characterized with FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XRD, N2 adsorption, O2 -TPD, H2 [....] » Read More
Title : Study of performance for various catalysts for the oxidation of carbon monoxide reaction
Sesha Talpa Sai, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India
The single pellet studies for two different catalytic converters were simulated using MATLAB and the effects of perturbation of various parameters was carried out to increase the performance of the converter. The effect of various parameters of the converter system such as flow r [....] » Read More
Title : Fabrication of new types, environmentally-safe fire-protective covers based on fire-extinguishing powders of raw materials
Lali Gurchumelia, TSU Rafael Agladze Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Georgia
The aim of the presented investigation is the fabrication of new types, environmentally-safe fire-protective covers on the basis of halogen-free, highly efficient composite fire-extinguishing powders of local mineral raw materials. The technology for production of these materials [....] » Read More
Title : A new catalyst for the conversion of aromatics to HC and CO-rich gas
Nicolas Abatzoglou, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
A novel autothermic pyrolysis process followed by a hybrid mobile-fluidized bed catalytic reactor is used to produce carbon nanofilaments (CNF) from waste plastic streams. The autothermic pyrolysis unit produces a gaseous stream rich in aromatic compounds which are precursors of [....] » Read More